United States Members of Congress

The United States Congress has an upper chamber called the Senate and a lower chamber called the House of Representatives (House for short) which share the responsibilities of the legislative process to create federal statutory law.

The Senate:

The 50 states elect 2 senators each for staggered 6-year terms. A senator represents between 1 and 37 million people, depending on their state’s population. The day-to-day activities of the Senate are controlled largely by the political party holding the most seats, called the “majority party.“

Senators by Party (As on October 20, 2018)
Republicans 51
Democrats 47
Independents 2
Total        100

The House of Representatives:

The states are also divided into 435 congressional districts with a population of about 710,000 each. Each district elects a representative to the House of Representatives for a 2-year term.

As in the Senate, the day-to-day activities of the House are controlled by the “majority party.“
Senators by States

Representatives by Party (As on October 20, 2018)
Republicans 235
Democrats 193
Vacancies 7
Total         435
**The District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the U.S.’s four other island territories: American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, each send a non-voting delegate to the House. Puerto Rico’s delegate is called the Resident Commissioner.

Conclusion:
On an average, a senator represents between 1.37 million people. Look at the large states with a bigger population like California, Texas, Florida, and New York. The population of California is 39.5 million which is represented by two senators. Each senator in California represents 19.75 million people. On the other hand, in a smaller state like Wyoming, each senator represents about 289,658 people (less than one million). The voting power of each senator is same regardless of the people they represent. Most of the states with a large population are represented by Democrats. Smaller states like South Dakota, North Dakota, Alaska, and Wyoming are dominated by Republicans.
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